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## WHAT IS IT?

This model simulates the spread of a fire through a forest and it depends on the type of fire. Furthermore, it is possible to see, which variables have an influence on the propagation.

## HOW IT WORKS

The amount of fires spawns randomly on a patch. Each fire looks 360 degree around of it in the size of the fire radius for potential trees. The fire chooses one of the potential trees in the fire radius and killed it, from the death tree a new fire is generated. If there are no trees in the fire radius the fire dies.

If the wind option is on, it is possible to set the wind direction. So, the fire will go through the wind direction and kill the trees on the path. Furthermore, there is a probability, that the fire is spreading or not.

If the big jump option is on, the fire will take big jumps over some patches depending on the probability. Big jumps mean, that some embers rolling down the hill or the wind is spreading some pieces of embers over the trees away.

Furthermore, it is possible to switch on the rain slider, to create some rain drops. If a rain drop and a fire are on the same patch, the fire will be killed, and the patch is blue coloured. It is possible to increase or decrease the drops per ticks.

Depending on the used setup for the different types of forest fire, the fire will have a different behaviour.

## HOW TO USE IT

There are three SETUP buttons, for each type of fire one button. Click the GO button to start the simulation.

The Number-trees slider controls the number of trees in the simulation. Changes in this slider do not have any effect until the next SETUP command.

The Fire-strength slider controls the number of fires. Changes in this slider do not have any effect until the next SETUP command.

The Fire-radius slider controls the watching radius of each fire. One tree in this radius will be randomly selected to get killed. Changes in this slider do not have any effect until the next SETUP command.

The Wind-direction slider controls the direction of the wind in degree. To use wind, the switch must be on.

The Rain-rate slider controls the number of raindrops per tick. To use raindrops, the switch must be on.

The Probability-spread slider controls the randomly spread of the fire.
The Probability-big Jumps slider controls the probability of big-jumps fire spread. To use wind, the switch must be on.

There are other parameters in the model that are not accessible by sliders. They can be changed by modifying the code in the code tab. They are:

• the speed if wind is on - [0.1 - 3]
• the distance of big jumps - [2]

## THINGS TO NOTICE

* Try the different setup buttons to watch the speed and spread of the fire.
* If the probability of spread is near 0, there will be no fire spread.
* If there are under 1000 trees, the fire will not spread.

## THINGS TO TRY

Try different numbers of the variables to get different solutions.

## EXTENDING THE MODEL

* It is also possible to extend the model to add some other bitmap maps, to get another solution. For example, a bitmap map with a track on it to stop the fire.
* make bigger trees
* add a moisture of the trees and ground
* add different ages of the trees
* create a wall of fire
* ...

## NETLOGO FEATURES

none

## RELATED MODELS

Following models in the NetLogo Models Library are relevant for this model:

* Fire
* Fire Simple
* Fire Simple Extension 1 - 3

## CREDITS AND REFERENCES

made by Kevin Stessel in June 2019